Food spoilage and Preservation.

SPOILAGE AND WASTAGE OF FOOD AND FOOD PRESERVATION

QD.Answer the following questions in brief.

1.State two factors that contribute to the fast growth of micro-organisms.

Ans: Two factors that contribute to the fast growth of micro-organisms are moisture and temperature.

2.What  is likely to happen to curd if it is not stored in the refrigerator?

Ans:If curd is not stored in refrigerator ,it will get spoiled  quickly due to growth of micro-organisms.

3.What do you understand by food preservation?

Ans:Food preservation is the process of treating and handling  of food to stop or slow down ,the spoilage caused by micro-organisms or enzymes.

4. How can we protect our food from insects, worms and rats?

Ans: To protect our food items insects, worms and rats we should keep the kitchen, cupboard, shelves and container clean and dry.

5.Why does food stay fresh for a longer time  when stored in a refrigerator?

Ans: Refrigerator has the facility to lower the temperature. Low temperature prevents enzymatic action and growth of micro-organisisms.Thus food stays fresh for longer time when stored in refrigerator.

QE. Answer the following questions.

1.Give any three reasons for spoilage of food.

Ans: Three reasons for spoilage of food are:-

i) Growth micro-organisms ii) Enzyme action iii) insects, worms and rats.

2.How is food preservation useful to us ?

Ans: Food preservation useful to us is useful to us in following ways:

i)It helps to maintain   nutritive value of food

ii)It increases the shelf life of food

iii)It makes seasonal foods available  throughout the year.

iv)It decreases wastage of food by preventing decay or spoilage of food.

v)It helps in adding variety to the diet.

3. Why is it important to check the manufacturing and the expiry date of packaged  food items before consuming them?

Ans:Date of manufacturing and expiry shows the period when it is safe to eat  a packaged food item. Consuming packaged food without checking date of manufacture or expiry may causes serious problems like food poisoning, stomach ailments, diarrhoea and vomiting.  So it is important    to check the date of manufacturing or expiry of packaged food items before consuming

4. Explain the following methods of food preservation

            (a)Dehydration: Most micro-organisms need water or moisture to  grow better  and multiply. In dehydration method, water content of food is removed by sundry or machine to prevent the growth of micro-organisms.

            (b)Canning and bottling: Canning involves cooking food, sealing it sterile cans   and boiling the containers to kill or weaken any remaining bacteria through form sterilization.

            (c)Pasteurisation: Pasteurisation is a process of food preservation in  which the food product is subjected to pasteurised heating for a short time followed by immediate cooling  .The heating activate the micro-organisms and immediate cooling forced many microbe to die and protect the food from spoilage. However  many  more heat resistant  organisms only get reduced in number and do not get completely removed. Hence the pasteurised milk must be stored in under refrigeration to keep   bacterial growth under control. Pasteurisation also inactivates some enzymes and increases the shelf life of milk.

5.Rakesh bought two raw papayas .He kept one papaya in the refrigerator and other  papaya on the kitchen shelf. Which will ripen first and why?

Ans:The papaya which is kept on the kitchen shelf would ripen first. This happens because enzymes work faster at room temperature than in refrigerator.

Value Based Question

Q1. List the values displayed by Amit and his parents.

Ans: Values displayed by Amit and his parents are:

i)Empathy

ii)Kind

iii) Concern for the poor

Q2.Do you think Amit and his parents did the right thing by distributing the food among the slums children?

Ans: Yes ,Amit and his father did the right thing by distributing the food among the slum children. Their act helps in avoiding the wastage of food and feeding the needy.

Q3.Have you ever had a chance to feed a needy person? Share your experience. if any ,discus with the classmates).

Ans:(Write your own experience)